This study explores the direction and magnitude of racial disparities on three advanced placement (AP) computer science (CS) exams, namely AP CS Principles, AP CS A, and AP CS AB, based on the test scores of more than one million students who have taken AP CS exams between 1997 and 2020. Using Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope procedures we found…

Bullying is one type of violence that threatens a youth's well-being in schools and neighborhoods. The impacts of bullying are felt by individuals, families, schools, and society and may result in youths feeling powerless, intimidated, and humiliated by the aggressive acts of other youth(s). This document is designed as a tool to help…

"Projections of Education Statistics to 2022" is the 41st report in a series begun in 1964. It includes statistics on elementary and secondary schools and postsecondary degree-granting institutions. This report provides revisions of projections shown in "Projections of Education Statistics to 2021" and projections of…

This report presents results pertaining to mental health from the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), an annual survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population of the United States aged 12 years old or older. This report presents national estimates of the prevalence of past year mental disorders and past year mental health…

This monograph provides educational researchers, policymakers, and practitioners with an overview of existing knowledge regarding factors that influence success among racial and ethnic minority students in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) circuit. To accomplish this task, the authors reviewed more than four hundred…

This paper reviews 20 cross-cultural studies conducted with the Defining Issues Test (DIT). All or part of the samples in the studies were non-Americans who had not been a part of the populations presented in the DIT manual. The studies were aimed at the comparison of moral reasoning structure and development across cultures. Several aspects of…

Interracial dating on American campuses has had a relatively stormy past. Until the past three decades or so, it was outlawed in some states. Southern institutions, in particular, such as the infamous Bob Jones University have made this issue divisive even among their own constituencies. Age and generation seem to be cogent factors with younger…

This report simultaneously examines alternative mobility decisions and changes in the demographic determinants of residential mobility over the period 1940-80. Alternative mobility decisions are defined as the choice to move locally, to migrate within a state, or to migrate between states. Determinants of mobility include age, race, sex, and…

This document comprises a report on retention patterns in the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) showing the number and percentage of students retained in grade at the conclusion of the 1986-87 school year. Retention and enrollment data were collected from annual reports filed by all schools. Differences in sex, ethnicity, and grade level…

This study is an empirical analysis of urban employment changes in the United States between 1980 and 1984. The paper follows other recent work on the economics of urban and regional employment growth. Particular attention is paid to the effects on employment of schooling attainment and per pupil schooling expenditures. In addition, the effect of…

Examines rural-urban differences in mortality over time in North Carolina. Finds greatest risks of dying in urban areas, but the differential is not as strong as in the past; infant and neonatal mortality reversal and increase in residence differential over time; and residence differentials generally hold for Whites and non-Whites. (NEC)

This review synthesizes findings of 16 cross-sectional surveys on the prevalence of child abuse (primarily sexual abuse) among nonclinical, North American samples. An incidence of approximately 22.3% for women and 8.5% for men was found over three decades though variations in study response rates and differences in child abuse operational…

Exploration of gender-biased language in two editions of learning disabilities textbooks found that the male author's work exhibited a 7:1 ratio of masculine to feminine pronouns, whereas the female author's text showed no significant differences in use of gender-specific pronouns. The male author had increased use of gender-neutral pronouns…

Comparison of data on all children referred for suspected autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the Australian Capital Territory in 1997 and 1989 found a 200% increase in ASD diagnoses in 1997 despite a population decrease; a wider age range in 1997; a 26% increase in milder cases; and a decrease in the ratio of boys to girls. (Contains references.)…

Data from the 1980, 1970, and 1960 censuses were used to describe Pennsylvania's rural women and to compare them with urban women and, in some instances, men. In Pennsylvania in 1980, just 1 rural woman in 25 lived on a farm. These women were more educated, more active in the labor force, and somewhat better paid than their counterparts in 1960…