One of a series, this booklet on world issues explains why Brazil has become important for the United States. Brazil's rise from a sleeping giant to continental leader is investigated. Brazil's impressive economic growth from the mid-1960s through the 1970s is explored. An analysis of Brazil's economic crisis of the 1980s is also explained. Brazil's recent restoration of civilian government after a generation of military rule is highlighted as well as the choices facing Brazil's new leaders. The document concludes by examining the options for U.S. foreign policy toward Brazil. Critical questions, such as how the United States will respond to Brazil's current growing pains and what major impacts will Brazil have on the Western Hemisphere, including the United States, are investigated. Also included is a "Talking It Over" section which offers discussion questions for individuals and groups and a suggested reading list. (RSL)