The purpose of this study was to investgate the role of self-efficacy expectations in understanding gender differences in the election of college computer science courses. Participants were 368 undergraduate students (males=104, females=264) enrolled in a course fulfilling a general education requirement at a large urban university. A two-page…

Six studies discussed in this paper compared error-specific or model-based remediation (MBR) with reteaching in algebra. MBR points out, and highlights as incorrect, errors specific to the student's solution before reteaching the correct procedures. Reteaching shows the student the correct procedure without addressing specific errors. Three of…

This paper provides an overview of the four major aspects of the PIXIE Intelligent Tutoring System: the field work undertaken to determine how teachers diagnose and remediate in introductory algebra; the set of experiments run to determine the relative effectiveness of Model-Based-Remediation (MBR) and Reteaching; systems work carried out to…

This paper discusses skills science teachers need to effectively use computing in their teaching and describes how pre- and in-service science teachers can acquire computing skills. These skills can be grouped under three headings: (1) computer as a tutor for students (such as using drill and tutorial programs to bolster achievement); (2) computer…

Describes a study designed to determine if college students' success in writing computer programs is related to level of cognitive development as described by Piaget, verbal ability, and mathematics reasoning. Regression analysis showed that level of cognitive development, when combined with verbal reasoning, is linearly predictive of programming…

Questions the differences between computer science and computer engineering. Reviews the body of knowledge pertaining to both fields. Asserts that they are essentially the same, and that computer science is a genuine intellectual discipline. (TW)

Three studies give evidence to support informal reports of sex differences in computer access, interest, and use in the school-aged population. In the first study, a survey of 87 middle and upper income students in grades 5 to 8 revealed that more boys than girls owned home microcomputers and that use of the home computer also differed by gender.…

Developed to guide the research of the Educational Technology Center, a consortium based at Harvard Graduate School of Education, this report addresses the use of new information technologies to enrich, extend, and transform current instructional practice in science, mathematics, and computer education. A discussion of the basic elements required…

Confirmatory factor analysis (LISREL VI) is the method best suited to the comparison of measurement models when those models are based on a priori assumptions. Traditionally, positive and negative item stems were mixed on affective scales to reduce response set bias since the item pairs were considered to be parallel. Recent studies indicate that…

Describes the methodology and results of a study that examined information flow at the technological research front by analyzing a Japanese national project in computer technology. Various formats of information dissemination are identified, and a classification of researchers and engineers by information transfer activities is presented. (4…

A questionnaire, designed to assess attitudes and anxiety levels, was administered to 96 Maine Cooperative Extension personnel prior to receiving computer training. For these workers, no age, sex, or job level relationships to attitudes about computers were found. Perceptions of one's ability in math did predict positive attitudes. (JHZ)

This report is a compilation of educational materials that are available in the field of diagnostic medical ultrasound. Materials, which include publications, audiovisual aids, and teaching aids, are listed under the following categories: abdominal imaging; anatomy and physiology; anatomy and embryology; bioeffects; cardiology and vasculature;…

Recent reports have revealed that inequalities exist between males and females, racial minorities and whites, and rich and poor in accessibility to and use of computers. This study reviews the research in the field of computer-based education to determine the extent of and reasons for these inequities. The annotated research articles are arranged…

This study was an examination of the usefulness of a statistical regression approach to identify prospective Engineering and Information and Computer Science (ICS) applicants most likely to succeed at the University of California at Irvine (UCI). The specific purpose was to determine the extent to which preadmissions measures such as high school…

The attitudes of educators toward computers were assessed as well as their attitude change while taking an introductory microcomputer course. Sex and age differences were also investigated. Subjects included a sample who were surveyed by mail and a group of 22 teachers who were enrolled in a microcomputer course. A 44-item attitude questionnaire…