The financial crisis of the United Nations precipitated by the withholding of funds by member countries is addressed. On December 19, 1986, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution (GA/Res/41/213) containing the elements of a plan for reforming a wide range of United Nations administrative and budgetary practices. The reform process had begun…

Four major pathways the U.S. peace movement has followed may be identified as: (1) pacifism; (2) conscientious objection; (3) antimilitarism; and (4) internationalism. Those individuals following pacifism have held a personal dedication to participate in no war or violent revolution. Conscientious objectors have held a selective objection against…

Countries of the Western Pacific allied with the United States--Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, and Taiwan--are seriously threatened by Soviet expansion and Sino-Soviet rivalry. At present when the United States military resources are stretched thin, responsibility for defense of these prosperous free states should be assumed by the states…

The principle of cognitive consistency, formulated by Jack Snyder, explains decision-making under stressful conditions. Snyder contends that decision-making under stressful conditions creates a drive toward cognitive consistency and brings into operation tendencies: (1) toward a perception of certainty about an opponent's intention and the…

Education is the best hope for peace and progress in the world, and because education is best given and received when infused with critical thinking, critical thinking can save the world. Some of the most serious problems facing humankind are overpopulation and famine. The problems of ethnicity, colonialism, and religion further complicate matters…

This book is a review of the 1986 United Nations International Year of Peace conducted at an international conference in Fiji. The theme of the conference was "People Create Alternatives," and the issues of conflict resolution and avoiding global destruction were addressed. Specific topics discussed were: (1) "Theories and…

Economic educators recognize the importance of a global perspective, at least in part because the international sector has become more important over the past few decades. The application of economic principles calls into question some assumptions that appear to be common among members of the global education movement. That these assumptions might…

It is important for those interested in contributing to a stable world peace to focus their attention and work on positive, proactive programs that will promote peace building rather than negative, reactive programs intended to reduce violence. This paper focuses on such a training program for international negotiators. The program is intended to…

A "world model" is constructed where precedent-searching is one of the primary driving mechanisms. The simulation assumes that nations in the system are utility maximizers but that they have relatively primitive decision mechanisms and that they are strongly influenced by their previous short-term successful behavior and the short-term…

While President Reagan and Secretary of State Shultz shared the same policy goals, content analysis shows substantial differences with regard to arms control and the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), not only between Reagan and Shultz, but also among Reagan's roles as a political leader, as chief executive, and as statesman to the world…

An alphabetical listing of serial titles that are relevant to Caribbean affairs and culture is provided. Annotations include the individual publication's scope of coverage as well as its frequency of appearance (monthly, quarterly, weekly, etc.) and postal address. The same type of information regarding newspapers published in the Caribbean area…

The study provides a descriptive-analytic synopsis of the pedagogical ideology of three groups of Canadian teachers as it applies to the teaching of global issues and their beliefs as to the chief influences on the development of their own ideological stances. The population for the study included 36 teachers from 5 districts in Ontario (divided…

For decades, there has been considerable interest in understanding how attitudes toward other nations and cultures are formed and how people differ in their knowledge and attitudes toward global issues. However, the available research on the topic is sparse and disconnected. This paper suggests a model for looking at the research and presents…

This bibliography on peace education focuses on books, reports, and articles written in English, German, and the Scandinavian languages. The listed materials are organized into seven categories: (1) monographs and collections of papers explicitly dealing with peace education; (2) articles explicitly dealing with peace education; (3) study…

An approach to citizenship preparation that might be called civic education for global understanding includes a renewed engagement with and dedication to the civic needs of the nation. A need exists for students not only to continue to study the basic concepts and values of democracy but also to gain a broader understanding of the complex and…