Fuzzy sets have experienced multiple expansions since their conception to enhance their capacity to convey complex information. Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, image fuzzy sets, q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets, and neutrosophic sets are a few of these extensions. Researchers and academics have acquired a lot of information about their theories and methods…

Presents a technique for the numerical inversion of Laplace Transforms and several examples employing this technique. Limitations of the method in terms of available computer word length and the effects of these limitations on approximate inverse functions are also discussed. (JN)

Linear ciphers, substitution ciphers, public-key cryptosystems, and trapdoor knapsacks are each discussed. (MNS)

Describes a lesson on long division using chip trading which follows that algorithm for long division. (MKR)

The mathematics associated with division is discussed, working from a theorem for the real division algorithm. Real-world, geometric, and algebraic approaches are discussed, as are related topics. (MNS)

Discusses an algorithm that converts a fraction in simplest form into a terminating decimal and allows students to explore the efficacy and conceptual bases of a mathematical algorithm. (ASK)

Presents a method for solving linear equations involving the use of inverses instead of memorizing rules. (MKR)

Two difficulties that students have in computing with fractions are idenfitied. Then a procedure is described, stressing the identity element, that resolves these difficulties and increases students' understanding and retention. (MNS)

The article identifies five incorrect beliefs about mathematics often held by students who have difficulty with mathematics. They include: the relative size of numbers is more important than the relationships between quantities; computation problems must be solved by using a step-by-step algorithm; mathematics problems have only one correct…

Described are ways that errors of magnitude can be unwittingly caused when using various supercalculator algorithms to solve linear systems of equations that are represented by nearly singular matrices. Precautionary measures for the unwary student are included. (JJK)

Suggests that issues surrounding the teaching of algorithms focus not on whether to teach them but rather on balancing and connecting the development of algorithmic thinking. Presents an approach to help students develop their algorithmic thinking. Contains 18 references. (ASK)

Circuits are described, with discussion on how to help students find the algorithms to solve a variety of problems involving circuits. (MNS)

How set theory, combinatorics, probability, and the study of algorithms can be used in solving two problems is described in detail. Three computer programs are listed. (MNS)

A possible method of derivation of prescriptions for solving problems, found in Babylonian cuneiform texts, is presented. It is a kind of "geometric algebra" based mainly on one figure and the manipulation of or within various areas and segments. (MNS)

Computational algorithms from American textbooks copyrighted prior to 1900 are presented--some that convey the concept, some just for special cases, and some just for fun. Algorithms for each operation with whole numbers are presented and analyzed. (MNS)