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McAndrew, Donald A.; Williamson, Michael M. – Research & Teaching in Developmental Education, 1985
Offers a broad historical overview of research and theory in the teaching of composition, focusing on D. Gordon Rohman's study of the writing process; Janet Emig's introduction of the writing protocol; and Linda Flower and John R. Hayes's work on the mental processes involved in writing. (DMM)
Descriptors: Literature Reviews, Models, Protocol Analysis, Writing Processes
Harvey, Stephanie – Instructor, 2001
One way teachers can improve students' reading comprehension is to teach them to think while reading, questioning the text and carrying on an inner conversation. This involves: choosing the text for questioning; introducing the strategy to the class; modeling thinking aloud and marking the text with stick-on notes; and allowing time for guided…
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Protocol Analysis, Questioning Techniques, Reading Comprehension

Van Den Brink, Jan – For the Learning of Mathematics, 1989
Presents a number of transcript examples of correct and incorrect transferences by children. Considers the objects of transference including spoken words, written symbols, models and diagrams, arithmetic procedures, and structures. Discusses the use of transference in arithmetic education. (YP)
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Computation, Elementary Education, Elementary School Mathematics
Rosenberg, Ronni – Educational Technology, 1987
Reviews the current status of intelligent tutoring systems and summarizes the literature that evaluates these systems. Discussion highlights the problems of inadequate models, the lack of protocol analysis in systems design, and flaws in testing methodologies. (20 references) (CLB)
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Instruction, Educational Needs, Evaluation Criteria, Expert Systems
Lampert, Magdalene – 1988
This paper describes a research and development project in teaching designed to examine whether and how it might be possible to bring the meaning of knowing mathematics in school closer to what it means to know mathematics within the descipline by deliberately altering the roles and responsibilities of teacher and students in classroom discourse.…
Descriptors: Elementary School Mathematics, Grade 5, Hypothesis Testing, Intermediate Grades
Little, Judith Warren; Gearhart, Maryl; Curry, Marnie; Kafka, Judith – Phi Delta Kappan, 2003
Describes several projects that have enabled teachers to leave the isolation of their own classrooms and think together about student work in the broader contexts of school improvement and professional development. (Contains 18 references.) (Author/MLF)
Descriptors: Collegiality, Educational Improvement, Elementary Secondary Education, Professional Development
Lockhead, Jack – 1989
This paper describes the implications of constructivism both for what to teach and for how to teach. The first part discusses three approaches on what to teach: (1) relating mathematical knowledge to other knowledge; (2) checking for self-consistency; and (3) putting thinking before facts. The second part is on how to teach based on…
Descriptors: College Mathematics, Concept Formation, Concept Teaching, Higher Education
Henry, Laurie – 2003
The reading comprehension program described in this lesson introduces the components of think-alouds and text interactions, and helps students to develop the ability to use think-alouds to aid in reading comprehension tasks. During two 45-minute lessons, students will: explore the use of the think-aloud strategy; vocalize interactions with texts;…
Descriptors: Evaluation Methods, Junior High Schools, Lesson Plans, National Standards

Stiff, Lee V. – School Science and Mathematics, 1988
Problem solving by example is an intermediate step toward mastering problem-solving heuristics. Discussed are problem-solving processes by using two problem examples. Emphasized are heuristics cataloging in a problem-solving log, and approaches to solutions, not the solutions themselves. (YP)
Descriptors: Heuristics, Mathematical Concepts, Mathematics Achievement, Mathematics Education

Woods, Donald R. – Journal of College Science Teaching, 1988
Explains the differences between successful and unsuccessful problem solvers' exploration of a problem, translation of information into different forms, approach to devising and executing a plan, and rechecking work. (RT)
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, College Science, Concept Formation, Critical Thinking

Mack, Nancy K. – Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 1990
Examines the development of students' understandings about fractions during six weeks of instruction. Reports that all students possessed informal knowledge disconnected from their knowledge of fraction symbols and procedures and that knowledge of rote procedures often interfered with students' attempts to build on their informal knowledge.…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Concept Formation, Concept Teaching, Elementary Education
Lavoie, Derrick R. – 1989
Misconceptions, shown to be prevalent in students even at the college level, may affect the cognitive process of making predictions in biology. The purpose of this study was to: (1) identify students' misconceptions about important biological concepts; (2) identify students' cognitive behaviors associated with making predictions about these…
Descriptors: Biology, Cognitive Development, College Science, Computer Simulation
Borasi, Raffaella – 1989
The purpose of this study is to contribute to an understanding of how errors could be employed in mathematics instruction so that the students use them constructively in support of their learning of mathematics. A teaching experiment was designed to create an ideal context in which the pedagogical approach to errors as springboards could be…
Descriptors: Classification, Definitions, Error Patterns, Mathematical Concepts

Lythcott, Jean – Journal of Chemical Education, 1990
Reported is a study designed to improve problem-solving skills of high school chemistry students. Interpretations of the data are presented. Recommendations for improvement in teaching problem solving in chemistry are proposed. (CW)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Chemistry, College Science, Critical Thinking

Clement, John; Konold, Clifford – For the Learning of Mathematics, 1989
Describes basic problem-solving skills and presents a protocol of a student solving a problem. Discusses some of the difficulties in obtaining a correct solution. Lists basic prompts for problem solving. (YP)
Descriptors: College Mathematics, Higher Education, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Skills