"Teaching mathematics from a sense-making perspective entails more than solving non-routine problems" (NCTM 2007, p. 85). When teachers want students to see mathematics as something that makes sense, they must furnish opportunities for them to solve problems in their own way and use structures that nurture their reasoning and sense making. The…

Curriculum developers must work hard to avoid the "what errors" of curriculum development. They must avoid failing to teach what should be taught and teaching what is no longer relevant and needed. Curriculum "what errors" are likely to occur when teachers design courses so as to teach what they know best, what they were…

This paper explains recommended procedures for establishing a computer based, multimedia, computer managed system emphasizing self-paced, individualized instruction as an approach to learner controlled education. The basic components or modules of such a system are briefly described, including student information, instructional analysis, learning…

This book provides training and development professionals with step-by-step guidelines for developing and delivering comprehensive structured the on-the-job training (OJT). Chapter 1 introduces the concept of team-driven structured OJT and discusses its philosophy and basic components in the context of fundamental concepts of human behavior and…

This manual is designed to provide teachers with technically sound, easy-to-follow procedures for developing diagnostic tests to be used with their own students. The definition of diagnostic testing is broadened to include any tests systematically designed to provide information about skills that students have or have not mastered. A five-step…

This learning module, which is intended for use in in-service training for vocational rehabilitation counselors, deals with writing a task analysis. Step-by-step guidelines are provided for breaking down a task into small teachable steps by analyzing the task in terms of the way in which it will be performed once learned (method), the steps to be…

As part of the overall goal of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to help provide environmental professionals with the skills required to plan and deliver training programs, this staff guide, and its related participant reference manual have been developed for conducting a workshop in basic instructional technology. The workshop consists of…

This pamphlet is intended to assist managers and professional trainers alike in using a systems approach to training. Addressed in the individual sections of the guide are the following topics: identifying the training need (the main job objectives, the conditions under which the job is performed, and the responsibilities it involves); analyzing…

Describes how the job characteristics model (J. R. Hackman), used by industrial-organizational psychologists to enhance the motivating potential of jobs in industry, can be applied to increase student motivation. The job characteristics model describes the relationship between the core characteristics of skill variety, task identity, task…

This workshop facilitator's guide is designed to inform professional staff about competency-based vocational education (CBVE) to help eligible persons on public assistance acquire competencies necessary for gainful employment in the following occupational areas: airline reservations and travel services; computer applications; dental care;…

This booklet is designed for developing performance and competency-based student materials (PACs). The PAC, an instructional tool that focuses on helping students master a specific objective, lends itself to vocational instruction. The first nine sections of the guide, consisting of information to assist teachers in gathering background materials…

This guide provides guidance on the inclusion of students with disabilities in regular physical education classes. Section 1 comprises three chapters which focus on philosophy, beliefs, and attitudes in relation to physical education, inclusion, and team assessment and programming. The development of a collaborative Physical Education Inclusion…

This book focuses on applying instructional design to development of classroom learning for adults. Chapter 1 presents an overview of the model and addresses concerns about use of instructional design in adult education. Chapter 2 deals with assessing and developing skills as an adult educator; a literature review on behavior, beliefs, knowledge,…