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Download full textAttali, Yigal; Saldivia, Luis; Jackson, Carol; Schuppan, Fred; Wanamaker, Wilbur – ETS Research Report Series, 2014
Previous investigations of the ability of content experts and test developers to estimate item difficulty have, for themost part, produced disappointing results. These investigations were based on a noncomparative method of independently rating the difficulty of items. In this article, we argue that, by eliciting comparative judgments of…
Descriptors: Test Items, Difficulty Level, Comparative Analysis, College Entrance Examinations
Direct linkAttali, Yigal – Language Testing, 2016
A short training program for evaluating responses to an essay writing task consisted of scoring 20 training essays with immediate feedback about the correct score. The same scoring session also served as a certification test for trainees. Participants with little or no previous rating experience completed this session and 14 trainees who passed an…
Descriptors: Writing Evaluation, Writing Tests, Standardized Tests, Evaluators
Attali, Yigal; Sinharay, Sandip – ETS Research Report Series, 2015
The "e-rater"® automated essay scoring system is used operationally in the scoring of the argument and issue tasks that form the Analytical Writing measure of the "GRE"® General Test. For each of these tasks, this study explored the value added of reporting 4 trait scores for each of these 2 tasks over the total e-rater score.…
Descriptors: Scores, Computer Assisted Testing, Computer Software, Grammar
Attali, Yigal – ETS Research Report Series, 2007
This study examined the construct validity of the "e-rater"® automated essay scoring engine as an alternative to human scoring in the context of TOEFL® essay writing. Analyses were based on a sample of students who repeated the TOEFL within a short time period. Two "e-rater" scores were investigated in this study, the first…
Descriptors: Construct Validity, Computer Assisted Testing, Scoring, English (Second Language)
Attali, Yigal; Burstein, Jill – ETS Research Report Series, 2005
The e-rater® system has been used by ETS for automated essay scoring since 1999. This paper describes a new version of e-rater (v.2.0) that differs from the previous one (v.1.3) with regard to the feature set and model building approach. The paper describes the new version, compares the new and previous versions in terms of performance, and…
Descriptors: Essay Tests, Automation, Scoring, Comparative Analysis
