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Direct linkAbbott, Robert D.; Berninger, Virginia W.; Fayol, Michel – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2010
Longitudinal structural equation modeling was used to evaluate longitudinal relationships across adjacent grade levels 1 to 7 for levels of language in writing (Model 1, subword letter writing, word spelling, and text composing) or writing and reading (Model 2, subword letter writing and word spelling and reading; Model 3, word spelling and…
Descriptors: Alphabets, Writing (Composition), Spelling, Beginning Reading
Peer reviewedBerninger, Virginia W. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1987
Three studies were conducted to investigate changes in global procedures (memory for a whole word), component procedures (memory for a letter in a word), and serial procedures (memory for a letter sequence in a word) as a function of learning to read. (PCB)
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Letters (Alphabet), Memory, Young Children
