This study traces the origin and development of the Cardozo Model School Division, an area of Washington, D.C. having 17,000 poor children. Why did this particular reform shift in aims and alter shape between 1963 and 1972? Three factors played a major role in determining the direction reforms took. First, the particular reform perceptions of…

Reviews the history of secondary science curriculum reform and presents an organizational and curricular framework for discussing why reformers committed to creating a science for living have difficulty altering prevailing patterns. Examines the influence of district, school, and classroom organization upon what curriculum is actually taught and…