Teaching previously learned contents to (fictitious) peers is regarded as a beneficial activity that aids learning. However, it is still an open question which cognitive mechanism (generating versus retrieving information) account for this learning-by-teaching effect. To examine the role of retrieval during generative processing while…

Learning by teaching can be effective, yet many students fail to engage in knowledge building, in which they actively generate inferences and connect the material to their existing knowledge. Recent research suggests creating drawings while orally explaining to others fosters knowledge building and long-term learning; however, the mechanisms…