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Chireac, Silvia-Maria; Francis, Norbert; McClure, John – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2019
This report presents findings from a follow-up exploratory study of the development of writing ability in an attempt to identify key component skills and competencies for elementary school literacy learners, grades 2nd, 4th and 6th. The first evaluation consisted in scoring first draft narrative texts for coherence, the second, an assessment of…
Descriptors: Metalinguistics, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Spanish
Hamel, Rainer Enrique; Francis, Norbert – Language, Culture and Curriculum, 2006
This paper reports on the implementation of an ambitious bilingual instructional programme in the P'urhepecha-speaking region of Michoacan state in Mexico, the Meseta Tarasca. A curriculum of indigenous language preservation and cultural affirmation, overturning the previous Spanish-only programme, has been developed by a group of indigenous…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Second Language Instruction, Curriculum Design, Bilingualism

Francis, Norbert – International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2000
Four classes of bilingual children from Grades 3 and 5, speakers of Spanish and Nahuatl, participated in a study of literacy development focused on interlinguistic transfer and the application of narrative schemata as seen in writing samples produced in both languages. Reports on a methodological approach seen to be effective in eliciting…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Code Switching (Language), Foreign Countries, Linguistic Borrowing
Francis, Norbert – Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 1998
Investigation of the development of metalinguistic consciousness examines bilingual children's perceptions of language contact in a situation of marked social imbalance between their first and second languages. The exploratory investigation focused on how school-age bilinguals view written forms in Spanish and Nahuatl. Forty-five Spanish/Nahuatl…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Diglossia, Evaluation Methods, Interviews