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Peer reviewedSparks, Richard L.; Ganschow, Leonore – Modern Language Journal, 1991
The Linguistic Coding Deficit Hypothesis offers an alternative to affective explanations for second-language learning difficulties and adds another dimension to the role of aptitude. The hypothesis focuses on phonological, syntactic, and semantic components of language and assumes that the individual's control over these components is crucial to…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Individual Differences, Language Acquisition, Language Aptitude
Direct linkSparks, Richard L.; Ganschow, Leonore – Foreign Language Annals, 2007
Fifty-four students were followed over 10 years and tested with native language measures in first through fifth grades and measures of foreign language aptitude and foreign language proficiency in high school. All students had completed two years of Spanish, French, or German. Students were divided into three groups based on their scores on the…
Descriptors: Measures (Individuals), French, Spanish, German
