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| Hopkins, Kenneth D. | 2 |
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Peer reviewedHopkins, Kenneth D.; Gullickson, Arlen R. – Journal of Experimental Education, 1992
A metanalysis involving 62 studies compared the response rate to mailed surveys with and without a monetary gratuity. The average response rate increased 19% when a gratuity was enclosed. Other findings that substantiate that the external validity of surveys can be increased by gratuities are discussed. (SLD)
Descriptors: Mail Surveys, Meta Analysis, Questionnaires, Research Design
Peer reviewedHopkins, Kenneth D.; Chappell, David – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1994
Quick power estimates for detecting a difference in two population proportions are expedient during early stages of research planning. Such estimates are tabled and graphed in this article. They are shown to be conservative but accurate for most research situations when proportions fall in the range of 0.25 to 0.75. (SLD)
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Data Collection, Estimation (Mathematics), Graphs
