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Darmawansah, Darmawansah; Hwang, Gwo-Jen; Chen, Mei-Rong Alice; Liang, Jia-Cing – International Journal of STEM Education, 2023
Fostering students' competence in applying interdisciplinary knowledge to solve problems has been recognized as an important and challenging issue globally. This is why STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) education has been emphasized at all levels in schools. Meanwhile, the use of robotics has played an important role in STEM…
Descriptors: STEM Education, Robotics, Elementary Secondary Education, Educational Research
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Zhang, Jia-Hua; Meng, Bin; Zou, Liu-Cong; Zhu, Yue; Hwang, Gwo-Jen – Interactive Learning Environments, 2023
As one of the core skills of the 21st century, computational thinking has received increasing attention from educators and researchers. Although some research has been conducted on computational thinking, few studies examined the impact of learning activities on students' computation thinking skills from the perspective of cognitive development.…
Descriptors: Flow Charts, Scaffolding (Teaching Technique), College Students, Computation
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Fang, Jian-Wen; Shao, Dan; Hwang, Gwo-Jen; Chang, Shao-Chen – Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2022
Scholars believe that computational thinking is one of the essential competencies of the 21st century and computer programming courses have been recognized as a potential means of fostering students' computational thinking. In tradition instruction, PFCT (problem identification, flow definition, coding, and testing) is a commonly adopted procedure…
Descriptors: Computation, Thinking Skills, Programming, Computer Science Education
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Hwang, Gwo-Jen; Tung, Li-Hsien; Fang, Jian-Wen – Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2023
Fostering students' computer programming skills has become an important educational issue in the globe. However, it remains a challenge for students to understand those abstract concepts when learning computer programming, implying the need to provide instant learning diagnosis and feedback in computer programming activities. In this study, a…
Descriptors: Programming, Thinking Skills, Problem Solving, Computer Science Education