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Kaufman, Roger2
Bowers, Dennis1
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Kaufman, Roger; Bowers, Dennis – Performance and Instruction, 1990
Examines the differences between needs assessment and needs analysis as part of the larger process of identifying and resolving problems and opportunities. Proactive and reactive planners are discussed, a system approach is compared with a systems approach, and steps in a systems approach are identified. (10 references) (LRW)
Descriptors: Evaluation Methods, Needs Assessment, Problem Solving, Systems Approach
Kaufman, Roger – NSPI Journal, 1978
This paper deals with a possible way of separating six modes of needs assessment (Kaufman, 1972) into two types. The most common, internal, looks at needs from within the organization, and external needs assessment looks at needs from the outside of the organization doing the study. (VT)
Descriptors: Educational Planning, Instructional Design, Needs Assessment, Organizations (Groups)