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Download full textLinn, Marcia C.; Rice, Marian R. – 1978
The Springs Task measures the ability to conduct controlled experiments, name variables, and criticize variables which are demonstrated to the subject. It provides an operational definition of formal thought. Subjects aged ten to adult can be tested with this instrument, an apparatus-based task administered individually in a 15-minute interview.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Experimental Psychology, Interviews, Manipulative Materials
Peer reviewed
Direct linkLewis, Eileen L.; Linn, Marcia C. – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2003
We conducted two studies of beliefs about laboratory and everyday thermal phenomena. The first study identified concepts of heat energy and temperature held by adolescents, adults, and scientists. We found a classic separation of "school" and "everyday" knowledge in each population. We conducted clinical interviews with 37 middle school students,…
Descriptors: Scientists, Adolescents, Science Curriculum, Scores
