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Invariant Based Programming in Education--An Analysis of Student Difficulties
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Mannila, Linda – Informatics in Education, 2010
In this paper, we analyze the errors novice students make when developing invariant based programs. In addition to presenting the general error types, we also look at what students have difficulty with when it comes to expressing invariants. The results indicate that an introductory course utilizing the invariant based approach is suitable from…
Descriptors: Novices, Error Patterns, Difficulty Level, Introductory Courses
What about a Simple Language? Analyzing the Difficulties in Learning to Program
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Mannila, Linda; Peltomaki, Mia; Salakoski, Tapio – Computer Science Education, 2006
In this paper, we present the results from a two-part study. We analyze 60 programs written by novice programmers aged 16-19 after their first programming course, in either Java or Python. The aim is to find difficulties independent of the language used, and such originating from the language. Second, we analyze the transition from a…
Descriptors: Programming, Programming Languages, Syntax, Learning Problems