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Direct linkGirvan, Erik J.; Gion, Cody; McIntosh, Kent; Smolkowski, Keith – School Psychology Quarterly, 2017
To improve our understanding of where to target interventions, the study examined the extent to which school discipline disproportionality between African American and White students was attributable to racial disparities in teachers' discretionary versus nondiscretionary decisions. The sample consisted of office discipline referral (ODR) records…
Descriptors: African American Students, White Students, Disproportionate Representation, Racial Differences
Cook, Clayton R.; Duong, Mylien T.; McIntosh, Kent; Fiat, Aria E.; Larson, Madeline; Pullmann, Michael D.; McGinnis, Jenna – School Psychology Review, 2018
Longstanding discipline disparities for Black male students are associated with untoward outcomes and necessitate feasible and effective school-based solutions. This study examined the efficacy of GREET-STOP-PROMPT (GSP) as a low-cost, potentially high-yield strategy designed to intervene on putative malleable root causes proximal to…
Descriptors: Males, African American Students, Student Behavior, Discipline Problems
Predy, Larissa; McIntosh, Kent; Frank, Jennifer L. – School Psychology Review, 2014
This study examined the technical adequacy of office discipline referrals (ODRs) received early in the school year for predicting total ODRs received by the end of the year. The sample included 401,852 students from 593 public middle schools (serving Grades 6 to 8) in the United States in the 2009-2010 school year. The results showed that ODRs…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Discipline Problems, Referral, Middle School Students
