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Direct linkMetcalfe, Janet; Huelser, Barbie J. – Grantee Submission, 2020
Many recent studies have shown that memory for correct answers is enhanced when an error is committed and then corrected, as compared to when the correct answer is provided without intervening error commission. The fact that the kind of errors that produced such a benefit, in past research, were those that were semantically related to the correct…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Memory, Learning Processes, Error Patterns
Metcalfe, Janet; Eich, Teal S. – Grantee Submission, 2019
In five experiments, we examined the conditions under which participants remembered true and false information given as feedback. Participants answered general information questions, expressed their confidence in the correctness of their answers, and were given true or false feedback. In all five experiments, participants hyper'corrected' when…
Descriptors: Memory, Error Correction, Feedback (Response), Experiments
Metcalfe, Janet; Xu, Judy – Grantee Submission, 2017
Three experiments investigated the effects of making errors oneself, as compared to just hearing the correct answer without error generation, hearing another person make an error, or being "on-the-hook," that is, possibly but not necessarily being the person who would be "called-on" to give a response. In all three experiments,…
Descriptors: Error Patterns, Comparative Analysis, Responses, Recall (Psychology)
Metcalfe, Janet – Grantee Submission, 2017
Although error avoidance during learning appears to be the rule in American classrooms, laboratory studies suggest that it may be a counterproductive strategy, at least for neurologically typical students. Experimental investigations indicate that errorful learning followed by corrective feedback is beneficial to learning. Interestingly, the…
Descriptors: Error Patterns, Error Correction, Feedback (Response), Educational Benefits
Metcalfe, Janet; Finn, Bridgid – Learning and Instruction, 2012
Three experiments investigated whether the hypercorrection effect--the finding that errors committed with high confidence are easier, rather than more difficult, to correct than are errors committed with low confidence--occurs in grade school children as it does in young adults. All three experiments showed that Grade 3-6 children hypercorrected…
Descriptors: Error Correction, Self Efficacy, Elementary School Students, Knowledge Level
Metcalfe, Janet; Finn, Bridgid – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
This study investigated the "knew it all along" explanation of the hypercorrection effect. The hypercorrection effect refers to the finding that when people are given corrective feedback, errors that are committed with high confidence are easier to correct than low-confidence errors. Experiment 1 showed that people were more likely to…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Testing, Multiple Choice Tests, Error Correction
