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Swain, Merrill – Language Teaching, 2013
The scholarly literature about the process of second language (L2) learning has focused to a considerable extent on cognitive processes. Left aside are questions about how emotions fit into an understanding of L2 learning. One goal of this plenary is to demonstrate that we have limited our understanding of L2 learning by failing to take into…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Second Language Learning, Schemata (Cognition), Cognitive Development
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Lapkin, Sharon; Swain, Merrill – Foreign Language Annals, 2004
One of the advantages of having students work in pairs on language-related tasks is that teachers and researchers can listen to what the students say as they carry out their assigned tasks. What they say offers insights into the students' beliefs about the target language they are learning and using, and reflects the cognitive processes they use…
Descriptors: Grade 8, Cognitive Processes, Immersion Programs, French
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Swain, Merrill; Brooks, Lindsay; Tocalli-Beller, Agustina – Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 2002
Considers recent research in which peer dialogue has been examined with the purpose of understanding its impact on second language learning. Reviews research from the perspective of a sociocultural theory of mind that claims cognition and knowledge are dialogically constructed. (Author/VWL)
Descriptors: Classroom Communication, Cognitive Processes, Dialogs (Language), Interaction
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Swain, Merrill; Lapkin, Sharon – Applied Linguistics, 1995
The results of a study involving 18 students from a grade 8 early French immersion class support the argument that in producing a second language, learners will on occasion become aware of a linguistic problem and modify their output. (41 references) (MDM)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Elementary Education, French, Grade 8
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Swain, Merrill; Lapkin, Sharon – Modern Language Journal, 1998
Provides support for a theoretical orientation toward viewing dialog as both a means of communication and a cognitive tool. Data to support this position come from an analysis of language-related episodes isolated in the dialog of two grade 8 French immersion students as they carry out a jigsaw task. (Author/VWL)
Descriptors: Classroom Research, Cognitive Processes, Cooperative Learning, Dialogs (Language)
Bygate, Martin; Skehan, Peter; Swain, Merrill – 2001
This book brings together a series of empirical studies into the use of pedagogical tasks for second language learning, with a view to better understanding the structure of tasks, their impact on students, and their use by teachers. This edited volume starts with an introduction to the background and key issues in the topic area. Each section…
Descriptors: Applied Linguistics, Cognitive Processes, English (Second Language), Evaluation Methods