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Test-Takers' Strategic Behaviors in Independent and Integrated Speaking Tasks
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Barkaoui, Khaled; Brooks, Lindsay; Swain, Merrill; Lapkin, Sharon – Applied Linguistics, 2013
This study investigated the strategic behaviors that test-takers reported using when responding to integrated and independent speaking tasks in an English oral proficiency test [the Speaking Section of the Internet-based Test of English as a Foreign Language[TM] (TOEFL iBT)] and the relationship between test-takers' strategic behaviors and their…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, English (Second Language), Speech Communication, Second Language Learning
Effects of Proficiency Differences and Patterns of Pair Interaction on Second Language Learning: Collaborative Dialogue between Adult ESL Learners
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Watanabe, Yuko; Swain, Merrill – Language Teaching Research, 2007
This study investigated the effects of second language (L2) proficiency differences in pairs and patterns of interaction on L2 learning, making use of both qualitative and quantitative data. We designed the study in such a way that four different "core" participants interacted with higher and lower proficiency "non-core"…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Scores, Language Proficiency
Integrating Language and Content Teaching through Collaborative Tasks.
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Swain, Merrill – Canadian Modern Language Review, 2001
Offers immersion classroom data focusing on the use of collaborative tasks related to the content to be learned that draw learners attention to formal properties of French. Such tasks provide both oral practice and lead to more accurate language use. (Author/VWL)
Descriptors: Cooperation, Foreign Countries, French, Immersion Programs
Task-based Second Language Learning: The Uses of the First Language.
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Swain, Merrill; Lapkin, Sharon – Language Teaching Research, 2000
Focuses on the uses of the first language (L1) made by 22 pairs of Grade 8 French immersion students as they complete one of two different tasks: a dictogloss and a jigsaw. The outcome of each task is a story written by each pair. Proposes a coding scheme for the uses made of the (L1) and reports on an exploratory analysis intended to describe…
Descriptors: English, French, Grade 8, Immersion Programs
Task Outcomes: A Focus on Immersion Students' Use of Pronominal Verbs in Their Writing.
Lapkin, Sharon; Swain, Merrill – Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2000
Examined Grade 8 French immersion students use and accuracy of pronominal verbs within one of two tasks--jigsaw or dictogloss--while working in pairs. Two groups of students viewed a videotaped mini-lesson on pronominal verbs, while another two did not. Found that the mini-lesson had a significant impact on students' use of pronominal verbs in…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, French, Grade 8, Immersion Programs
Interaction and Second Language Learning: Two Adolescent French Immersion Students Working Together.
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Swain, Merrill; Lapkin, Sharon – Modern Language Journal, 1998
Provides support for a theoretical orientation toward viewing dialog as both a means of communication and a cognitive tool. Data to support this position come from an analysis of language-related episodes isolated in the dialog of two grade 8 French immersion students as they carry out a jigsaw task. (Author/VWL)
Descriptors: Classroom Research, Cognitive Processes, Cooperative Learning, Dialogs (Language)
Researching Pedagogic Tasks: Second Language Learning, Teaching, and Testing. Applied Linguistics and Language Study.
Bygate, Martin; Skehan, Peter; Swain, Merrill – 2001
This book brings together a series of empirical studies into the use of pedagogical tasks for second language learning, with a view to better understanding the structure of tasks, their impact on students, and their use by teachers. This edited volume starts with an introduction to the background and key issues in the topic area. Each section…
Descriptors: Applied Linguistics, Cognitive Processes, English (Second Language), Evaluation Methods