This position paper proposes to broaden the conception of personal epistemology to include design epistemology that foregrounds the importance of creativity, collaboration, and design thinking. Knowledge creation process, we argue, can be explicated using Popper's ontology of three worlds of objects. In short, conceptual artifacts (World 3)…

Institutes of higher education are investing in information and communication technologies (ICT) with the hope of revolutionizing higher education. Current approaches of using technologies for teaching and learning, however, fall short in terms of preparing students for the 21st century. We present various factors that shape learning in the 21st…