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Direct linkCamerota, Marie; Willoughby, Michael T. – Child Development, 2020
Little research has considered whether prenatal experience contributes to executive function (EF) development above and beyond postnatal experience. This study tests direct, mediated, and moderated associations between prenatal risk factors and preschool EF and IQ in a longitudinal sample of 1,292 children from the Family Life Project. A composite…
Descriptors: Prenatal Influences, Risk, Predictor Variables, Preschool Children
Blair, Clancy; Kuzawa, Christopher W.; Willoughby, Michael T. – Developmental Science, 2020
A well-established literature demonstrates executive function (EF) deficits in obese children and adults relative to healthy weight comparisons. EF deficits in obesity are associated with overeating and impulsive consumption of high calorie foods leading to excess weight gain and to problems with metabolic regulation and low-grade inflammation…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Child Development, Body Composition, Obesity
Download full textHudson, Kesha N.; Willoughby, Michael T. – RTI International, 2021
Recent findings from the Kids Activity and Learning Study complement North Carolina's multidimensional approach to promoting school readiness by emphasizing the integrated nature of motor and cognitive development in early childhood. Children whose motor skills improved the most over the course of an academic year also tended to demonstrate the…
Descriptors: Psychomotor Skills, Motor Development, Cognitive Development, Skill Development
Willoughby, Michael T.; Magnus, Brooke; Vernon-Feagans, Lynne; Blair, Clancy B. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2017
Substantial evidence has established that individual differences in executive function (EF) in early childhood are uniquely predictive of children's academic readiness at school entry. The current study tested whether growth trajectories of EF across the early childhood period could be used to identify a subset of children who were at pronounced…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Young Children, Kindergarten, School Readiness
Willoughby, Michael T.; Blair, Clancy B. – Grantee Submission, 2016
This study tested whether individual executive function (EF) tasks were better characterized as formative or reflective indicators of the latent construct of EF. EF data that were collected as part of the Family Life Project (FLP), a prospective longitudinal study of families who were recruited at the birth of a new child (N = 1,292), when…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Kindergarten, Executive Function, Formative Evaluation
Berry, Daniel; Willoughby, Michael T.; Blair, Clancy; Ursache, Alexandra; Granger, Douglas A. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Intervention studies indicate that children's childcare experiences can be leveraged to support the development of executive functioning (EF). The role of more normative childcare experiences is less clear. Increasingly, theory and empirical work suggest that individual differences in children's physiological stress systems may be associated with…
Descriptors: Child Care, Stress Variables, Executive Function, Physiology
