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Direct linkFarshad Effatpanah; Purya Baghaei; Hamdollah Ravand; Olga Kunina-Habenicht – International Journal of Testing, 2025
This study applied the Mixed Rasch Model (MRM) to the listening comprehension section of the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) to detect latent class differential item functioning (DIF) by exploring multiple profiles of second/foreign language listeners. Item responses of 462 examinees to an IELTS listening test were subjected…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Second Language Learning, Listening Comprehension, English (Second Language)
