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Esra Sözer Boz – Education and Information Technologies, 2025
International large-scale assessments provide cross-national data on students' cognitive and non-cognitive characteristics. A critical methodological issue that often arises in comparing data from cross-national studies is ensuring measurement invariance, indicating that the construct under investigation is the same across the compared groups.…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, International Assessment, Foreign Countries, Secondary School Students
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Maritza Casas; Stephen G. Sireci – International Journal of Testing, 2025
In this study, we take a critical look at the degree to which the measurement of bullying and sense of belonging at school is invariant across groups of students defined by immigrant status. Our study focuses on the invariance of these constructs as measured on a recent PISA administration and includes a discussion of two statistical methods for…
Descriptors: Error of Measurement, Immigrants, Peer Groups, Bullying