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Yujie Zhang; Lawrence Jun Zhang – TESOL Quarterly: A Journal for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a Second Dialect, 2025
Syntactic complexity has long been used to gauge language learners' performance, proficiency, and development, offering language teachers valid recommendations for syllabus design and materials development. Progress in syntactic complexity research foreshadows the imperative of measuring syntactic features at a high level of granularity, which…
Descriptors: Computational Linguistics, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Syntax
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Jianhua Zhang; Lawrence Jun Zhang – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
The available classifications of self-regulated learners may not be applicable to second or foreign language writing due to the contextual nature of self-regulated learning. This study intended to fill the gap by exploring the profiles of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' writing self-regulation and their association with…
Descriptors: Profiles, Student Characteristics, Second Language Learning, Writing (Composition)
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Ting Ma; Lawrence Jun Zhang; Judy M. Parr – Language Awareness, 2025
Studies have shown that raising L2 learners' metaphor awareness contributes to the acquisition of figurative language, which fosters students' development of language skills. However, the instruments measuring metaphor awareness, in the majority of relevant research, did not seem to have undergone proper methodological procedures for checking…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Figurative Language
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Kaixuan Wang; Lawrence Jun Zhang; Maria Cooper – Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 2025
There has been substantial research on the effects of metacognitive instruction on improving L2 learners' language skills. However, little is known about the impact of such instruction on improving the effectiveness of L2 students' collaborative writing. To fill this research gap, we conducted a quasi-experimental study to investigate how such an…
Descriptors: Writing Instruction, Comparative Analysis, Metacognition, Accuracy