Despite continued research into the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework, the best way to measure each presence of the framework, and in particular social presence, has not been effectively settled in prior research. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of the social presence items in the CoI framework and its subscales, as well…

Internationalization at a Distance (IaD) challenges the place-based nature of traditional mobility-centered internationalization initiatives. As technology increasingly drives forth new possibilities for internationalization, there is a growing need to reconceptualize place within digital programs. By reconsidering place through a…

The rapid shift to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need to equip future educators with essential skills for an online learning environment. This study aims to address this gap by developing and validating a scale to measure pre-service teacher competency in an online learning context using the scenario method. After a…

The ever-evolving landscape of education is constantly intersecting with rapid advances in technology. Digital personalized learning (DPL)--learning which occurs in a digital learning environment that adapts to the individual learner--is believed to benefit both students and teachers. While DPL is believed to benefit students and teachers, there…

The recent dynamic turn in second language acquisition research has called for an investigation in learner agency by taking its complex dynamic nature into account. Informed by complex dynamic systems theory (CDST), this study investigated the agency of learners in a complex educational context where mainstream schooling and private tutoring…

The study took a Rasch measurement theory approach to validating the 10-item Digital Literacy Scale (DLS) using the unidimensional rating scale model (RSM). To that end, the study used the data from a sample of online Turkish university students. The study began the Rasch analysis with all 10 items in the scale and, to improve in the local…

In recent times, the rapid growth of e-learning has brought about increased concerns regarding cybersecurity risks within digital learning environments. Despite the growing importance of cybersecurity awareness among e-learning students, there is limited research on the factors that influence students' understanding and adherence to cyber safety…

Most study abroad research focused on the experiences of students, perceptions of study abroad coordinators received little attention in research. Addressing this gap, this study examines how changes after 2020 (i.e. digitalisation of the Erasmus + processes and virtual mobility) impacted the perceptions of study abroad coordinators (N = 23) in a…

In this paper we explore the impact of a series of workshops on higher education teachers' understanding and awareness of a dialogic teaching approach to support critical thinking development in an online environment. Critical thinking is a key aim of higher education learning and a dialogic teaching approach can optimise opportunities for…

COVID-19 greatly increased the online delivery of higher education. But one limitation of online learning is that students often struggle to stay engaged while watching online lectures. We examined whether including an instructor's face in lecture videos (instructor visibility) enhances student engagement or learning. In two preregistered…

This study shows how a facilitator gives directive-instructions to create interactional spaces for second language (L2) learning in an online setting by investigating interactions in a video-mediated extensive reading (ER) book club. Taking a multimodal conversation analysis approach, the study observes the facilitator's changing practices of…

Background: Student engagement has been conceptualised and operationalised in various learning environments. However, there is currently a lack of established scales to measure student engagement in synchronous online learning. One possible reason is the existence of the conceptual and structural ambiguity regarding student engagement. Objective:…

Undergraduate students have reported challenges with staying connected to course content, their peers, and to their instructors during the disruption and transition to virtual platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic (Hollister et al., 2022) and there has been a lack of readiness to effectively engage with students and deliver instructional content…

In recent years, as e-learning continues to prominence in educational settings, understanding faculty perceptions becomes imperative for effectively implementing and enhancing digital learning environments. Our qualitative analysis delves into the nuanced perspectives of faculty members towards e-learning, aiming to uncover underlying attitudes,…

This study examines the influences of learners' motivation, self-monitoring, and self-management on learning satisfaction in online learning environments. The participants were 185 undergraduates and 99 graduate students majoring in computer science and engineering. The participants' motivation, self-monitoring, self-management, and learning…