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Brenda C. Straka; Adam Stanaland; Sarah E. Gaither – Developmental Science, 2025
As young as 3 years old, children rely on a mutual intentionality framework to confer group membership--that is, agreement between a joiner ("I want to be in your group") and group ("We want you to be in our group"). Here, we tested whether children apply this cognitive framework in the context of identity-based groups,…
Descriptors: Self Concept, Group Membership, Gender Differences, Race