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Heidi Anne E. Mesmer – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
Many initiatives have emphasized the importance of challenging students in text using readability formulas. Almost all formulas employ mean word frequency yet long-standing issues abound. Researchers question using a singular mean with a skewed variable like frequency. They also question the degree to which frequency pinpoints complex words,…
Descriptors: Critical Reading, Word Frequency, Difficulty Level, Elementary Schools
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Marta Lockiewicz; Natalia Barzowska – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
This paper presents the adaptation of the POMAS classification of spelling errors (Silliman et al., Developmental Neuropsychology 29:93-123, 2006, Bahr et al., Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research 55:1587-1599, 2012; International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 18:73-91, 2015) to Polish orthography. We identified the…
Descriptors: Spelling, Error Patterns, Polish, Elementary School Students
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Ayelet Sasson; Rachel Schiff; Barak Zluf – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
This study assessed the effect of adjectives and noun premodifiers on L2 noun phrase comprehension and error types among English Language Learners. We also examined the correlation between L2 noun phrase comprehension and L2 reading comprehension, as well as the contribution of L2 noun phrase comprehension to L2 reading comprehension. One hundred…
Descriptors: Nouns, Phrase Structure, Form Classes (Languages), Grade 11