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Predictive Performance of Bayesian Stacking in Multilevel Education Data
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Mingya Huang; David Kaplan – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2025
The issue of model uncertainty has been gaining interest in education and the social sciences community over the years, and the dominant methods for handling model uncertainty are based on Bayesian inference, particularly, Bayesian model averaging. However, Bayesian model averaging assumes that the true data-generating model is within the…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Statistical Inference, Predictor Variables
The Effect of Grade Retention on Performance in Spanish Students: A Propensity Score Matching Approach
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Jaime León; Fernando Martínez-Abad – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2025
Background: Grade retention is an educational aspect that concerns teachers, families, and experts. It implies an economic cost for families, as well as a personal cost for the student, who is forced to study one more year. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of course repetition on math, science and reading competencies, and…
Descriptors: Grade Repetition, Academic Achievement, Scores, Foreign Countries