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Download full textTaylor Wilson; Gema Zamarro; Kaitlin Anderson; Sarah McKenzie – Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University, 2025
This study explores trends and disparities in school discipline during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the persistence of racial gaps in exclusionary practices. Using student-level data from Arkansas from 2017/18 to 2022/23, we study how disciplinary outcomes relate to student race while controlling for factors such as the type and frequency of…
Descriptors: Racial Differences, Racism, Discipline, Student Behavior
