Background: ADHD and alcohol use are prevalent among college students, but few studies have examined internal restlessness (i.e., the mental discomfort experienced when suppressing hyperactive behaviors) in relation to alcohol use. Consequently, the current study sought to examine a path model testing associations between internal restlessness,…

Objective: Around 70% of adolescents with ADHD experience sleep and/or homework problems. Both impairments have been previously associated with neuropsychological deficits but have not been simultaneously examined in adolescents with ADHD and clinical sleep problems. Therefore, this study investigated how sleep problems are associated with…

The physiological functions of micronutrients in neurodevelopment are well documented, but their protective effects on neurodevelopmental disorders remain controversial. We assessed the associations between micronutrients and three main neurodevelopmental disorders, that is, autism spectrum disorder (18,381 cases), attention-deficit/hyperactivity…

Objective: ADHD is a neurodevelopmental condition associated with elevated symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Symptoms of ADHD typically persist into adulthood and can impair functioning and overall quality of life. In females (including women and people assigned female at birth), ADHD is under-recognized, and knowledge about…

Objective: To examine the association between threatened miscarriage, and neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring by age 14 years. Methods: We used data from the Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative longitudinal study of children born in…

Exposure to heavy metals has been associated with affecting children's neurodevelopment, particularly increasing the risk of developing attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The current exploratory study aims to investigate potential associations between presence of 15 different heavy metals in urine and ADHD. A total of 190 urine…

Purpose: Research suggests that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its symptoms occur more frequently in individuals who stutter. The purpose of this study was to document the prevalence of ADHD diagnoses and ADHD symptoms in children who stutter and examine potential relationships between ADHD and stuttering characteristics.…

Background: Studies suggest that prosocial behavior, having high empathy and engaging in behaviors intended to benefit others, may predict mental health or vice versa; however, these findings have been mixed. The purpose of the current study was to examine the bidirectional relationships between prosocial behavior and dimensions of psychopathology…

Background: While observational studies have established a connection between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and heightened risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the causal relationships are not well-defined. This study is designed to examine the causality between ASD, ADHD, and CVD risk as well…

No studies have analyzed agreement between mother, father, and teacher ratings of academic, cognitive, and handwriting problems in school-age children and compared these with objective achievement, IQ, and writing scores. The sample comprised 503 children with autism and/or ADHD 6-16 years rated by mothers, fathers, and teachers on the Pediatric…

Background: While neighborhood conditions have previously been shown to have substantial effects on later occupational, educational and health outcomes, this is the first study to examine the relation between neighborhood factors and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children with autism and developmental delays. Methods:…

Objective: Reports estimate at least one child in every general education classroom in the U.S. has ADHD. Thus, teachers should enter the classroom with an accurate working knowledge of ADHD and the skills to respond effectively to support the development of these students. The present study tested the following research questions (RQs): (RQ1) How…

Purpose: Only a few studies examined the longitudinal pattern of parent-teacher reports on autism severity and comorbidities in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and yielded conflicting results. The study's aims were to compare parents and teachers' perception of autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety symptoms severity in…

Objective: This study examined the independent and joint effects of ADHD status, distress tolerance, and delay of gratification on the propensity to engage in health risk behaviors (drug use, alcohol use, disordered eating). Participants/Methods Participants: included 115 female college students (41.7% with ADHD) who completed online…

High levels of parenting stress have been detected in mothers of children with Autism (ASD) and children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comparing with mothers of typically developing (TD) children. The current study explored the implications of social support (confidant and affective support) and child characteristics…