Psychomotor skill training has traditionally relied on the physical presence of both teacher and learner for effective demonstrations and feedback, posing challenges for remote and self-directed learning. Technological advancements have given rise to immersive learning environments (ILEs), offering novel solutions for interactive and multimodal…

Background: Robot programming can simultaneously cultivate learners' computational thinking (CT) and spatial thinking (ST). However, there is a noticeable gap in research focusing on the micro-level development patterns of learners' CT and ST and their interconnections. Objectives: This study aims to uncover the intricate development patterns and…

Given its impact on medicine, agriculture, and society, genetics literacy has attracted international interest. Biology lecturers play a crucial role in supporting students' genetics literacy empowerment. However, research into biology lecturers' perceptions of genetics literacy still needs to be undertaken. This study aimed to explore the…

While the benefits of active learning to student experiences are well documented, less is known about active learning in online education, especially regarding the development of 21st century skills (e.g., communication, collaboration, critical thinking, creativity). Specifically, open questions remain concerning the contribution of different…

Crucial skills for early adolescents to develop include respecting people from different backgrounds, showing empathy and compassion, and making ethical decisions in challenging situations. This exploratory study aims to understand the extent to which "students' perceptions of teacher caring and belonging related to changes in their…