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Direct linkBram Bulté; Alex Housen; Gabriele Pallotti – Language Learning, 2025
This article presents a theoretical review of and methodological guidelines for the study of two key notions in second language acquisition research, complexity and difficulty. The term "complexity" has gained considerable currency over the past decades and has taken on a wide range of meanings. We argue for a more restricted…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Acquisition, Language Research, Difficulty Level
Tino Endres; Lisa Bender; Stoo Sepp; Shirong Zhang; Louise David; Melanie Trypke; Dwayne Lieck; Juliette C. Désiron; Johanna Bohm; Sophia Weissgerber; Juan Cristobal Castro-Alonso; Fred Paas – Educational Psychology Review, 2025
Assessing cognitive demand is crucial for research on self-regulated learning; however, discrepancies in translating essential concepts across languages can hinder the comparison of research findings. Different languages often emphasize various components and interpret certain constructs differently. This paper aims to develop a translingual set…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Metacognition, Translation
Galip Kartal; Hatice Okyar – Education and Information Technologies, 2025
The present study carried out a bibliometric analysis of L2 eye-tracking research. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and CitNetExplorer were used for the analysis. The data were 245 articles indexed by Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI). The study identified the research topics, trends, promising research directions, influential authors and documents, and…
Descriptors: Bibliometrics, Eye Movements, Second Language Learning, Language Research
