Virtual laboratories (VLs) enable students to experiment, analyze data, or interact with digital content in a nonphysical space. VLs include simulations, electronic notebooks, videos, and augmented reality. As part of the "VL Project," comprising five academic institutions in Ireland, we sought to determine how VLs might enhance…

To improve student outcomes in four-credit asynchronous online physical geography classes that included a lab component, we employed three different experimental techniques in spring 2022. Fifteen faculty who collectively taught 24 sections of Introduction to Landforms or Weather and Climate modified one element of their course to foster improved…

In a technology-enhanced learning environment and underpinned by a unique hybrid pedagogic model that borrows from gamification, constructivism, and experiential learning approaches, badges were purposefully used to foster engagement. This approach promoted the development of a mindset that identifies and appreciates the worth of a portfolio of…