This research aims to develop an online Project-Based Collaborative Learning (PBL) model design by utilizing an asynchronous Online Discussion Forum (ODF) that can systematically direct teachers or lecturers as facilitators in learning, and how experts think about the design. Using the Research and Development (R&D) method, this design was…

This study investigated whether computational thinking skills and participation styles in online instructional discussions differ according to faculty, class, and gender and examined the relationship between computational thinking skills and participation styles in online instructional discussions. A total of 249 teacher candidates from five…

Cognitive engagement is an essential component in student learning. With the increase of more asynchronous virtual educational tools in classrooms, there is a need to understand how students are engaging with classroom content in these formats. Several studies have examined student and teacher perceptions of cognitive engagement in virtual…

The 'e-mediating' or otherwise 'five-stage' instructional design model for e-learning focusses on the construction of knowledge through the gradual development of socialisation. The study in hand aimed to capture the socialisation as it develops in an asynchronous teacher training course in Digital Literacy, designed and implemented with the…

Online collaborative learning (OCL) based on the community of inquiry (CoI) framework is often implemented in the form of an online discussion activity for teaching subjects that require learners to revise their understandings and invent ways to solve problems. However, implementing OCL is challenging due to the difficulty of fostering…

In recent years, hybrid education has gained attention for teaching and interacting with two groups simultaneously, where both teachers and students face challenges with interaction. We hypothesise that transactional distance plays a role in this. This study, aims to explore the characteristics of hybrid education in terms of interaction and…

This study investigated the possibilities of productive interactions during knowledge creation exercise in facilitated knowledge-artefact-mediated online workshops. The workshops were organised for health and social sector professionals by adhering to COVID-19 restrictions. The analysis focused on the discussion of the impact of professional…

Online discussion forums are crucial educational tools that facilitate interaction between students and teachers. We created an online discussion forum, with the teacher serving as the moderator. 58 posts and 1,955 comments were collected. We analysed these data through Latent Dirichlet Allocation to determine word cooccurrence and extract key…

The "community of inquiry" framework examines the interplay between four kinds of presence (teaching, cognitive, social, and learner) to promote effective learning in online education. This paper investigates the impact of "instructor participation" ("IP"), a key component of "teaching presence," on student…

Whole-class mathematical discussion in a problem-solving activity is recognized as a powerful pedagogical activity but also a challenge for teachers who must consider several difficulties that learners might face, particularly in terms of an overload of Working Memory and Executive Functions. This study investigates how the use of a digital…

Purpose: This paper aims first to describe the most prevalent teachers' and students' behaviors in synchronous online classes in emergency remote teaching; second, to discern behavior profiles and third, to investigate what features explain the observed behaviors. Design/methodology/approach: An adapted COPUS observation protocol was employed to…