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Hai Li; Wanli Xing; Chenglu Li; Wangda Zhu; Simon Woodhead – Journal of Learning Analytics, 2025
Knowledge tracing (KT) is a method to evaluate a student's knowledge state (KS) based on their historical problem-solving records by predicting the next answer's binary correctness. Although widely applied to closed-ended questions, it lacks a detailed option tracing (OT) method for assessing multiple-choice questions (MCQs). This paper introduces…
Descriptors: Mathematics Tests, Multiple Choice Tests, Computer Assisted Testing, Problem Solving
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Mimi Ismail; Ahmed Al - Badri; Said Al - Senaidi – Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, 2025
This study aimed to reveal the differences in individuals' abilities, their standard errors, and the psychometric properties of the test according to the two methods of applying the test (electronic and paper). The descriptive approach was used to achieve the study's objectives. The study sample consisted of 74 male and female students at the…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Computer Assisted Testing, Psychometrics, Item Response Theory