Background/purpose: The study addresses the challenge of integrating technology into Pancasila Education in Indonesian primary schools. Despite schools having technological facilities, teachers still rely on conventional teaching materials. The research aims to develop and validate digital game-based learning materials using the Lumio by Smart…

This study looks at how utilizing digital versions of classic games specifically Snakes and Ladders can help young learners learn more vocabulary in English. The study focuses on how digital versions of classic games can improve primary school students' vocabulary learning and retention. A quasi-experimental approach was used, with a control group…