This study examines the potential to use non-expert, crowd-sourced raters to score essays by comparing expert raters' and crowd-sourced raters' assessments of writing quality. Expert raters and crowd-sourced raters scored 400 essays using a standardised holistic rubric and comparative judgement (pairwise ratings) scoring techniques, respectively.…

Artificial intelligence is increasingly integrated into daily life, and modern educated individuals should have the ability to use AI tools correctly to improve work, study, and life efficiency. In this context, artificial intelligence literacy has been proposed. Due to the lack of consensus on the constructs of artificial intelligence literacy,…

While there is a vast literature arguing that teacher talk in whole class discussions is a determinant of quality science teaching, teachers' understanding of enacting teacher talk is under-researched. Using teacher cognition as a theoretical lens, the purpose of this study was to explore how experienced and novice science teachers in South Africa…

Objectives: Limited research exists on how new computer science (CS) teachers understand fundamental Internet principles. This knowledge gap hinders the development of effective upskilling courses, especially as new CS curricula are being introduced worldwide. This study investigates new CS teachers' conceptions of fundamental Internet principles,…