Learning to read is of primary focus in the early grades. Reading can be a challenge for many students, especially those with disabilities. With rising class sizes, and more students with disabilities included in the general education setting, the need for more individualized support in literacy instruction is vital. Innovative approaches are…

The swift advancement of artificial intelligence, especially large language models (LLMs), has generated novel prospects for improving educational methodologies. Nonetheless, the successful incorporation of these technologies into pedagogical methods, such as flipped classrooms, continues to pose a challenge. This study investigates the…

In 2021, China issued the "Double Reduction" (DR) policy to reduce the within- and outside-school burden on students. The policy requires all compulsory education schools to provide after-school services such as homework tutoring and well-rounded development activities for willing students. Based on student survey data from 13 schools in…