This paper reports on a study that investigates the impact of learning multiple foreign languages on learners' social emotional competence development as mediated by the number of foreign languages and the recency of the learning experience. A questionnaire survey that involved 465 Chinese learners of foreign languages was administered that…

Given that meaningful interaction is, in many respects, the backbone of L2 acquisition, language programs have often promoted language exchanges, which connect L2 learners outside the classroom. The present paper discusses two such programs, the "Sprachmentoren" Program (SMP) and "Tandemprojekt" (TP), which were introduced to…

Learning English as a foreign language (EFL) beyond the classroom is challenging in non-native English-speaking developing countries with limited resources. However, learning English beyond the classroom occurs in an informal way to support language learning for many autonomous or independent adult learners. This paper explores the habit of…

The study presented herein situates and examines the face-to-face and digital modes of peer feedback regarding emotional effects within the ELT context. Based on a convergent mixed-methods design, this study combines quantitative data obtained from surveys about emotional responses and qualitative perspectives gained through focus group…

The aim of this study was to test the notion of ecological citizenship empirically in the English language classroom in an underrepresented region, Latin America. A pedagogic project aimed at the development of students as ecological citizens was designed and implemented in 2019 in four English language classrooms in a public secondary school in…

This study examines the enactment of Global Englishes (GE) curriculum in public high school English as a foreign language classrooms in South Korea. Data collection involved pre- and post-course surveys (N = 217, nine classrooms), students' written responses, and their oral presentations. The findings highlight the necessity of adopting a critical…

IELTS is a widely accepted English language proficiency test, required for academic and professional purposes. In this study, we examined the relationship between IELTS and the English proficiency skills of international students. We developed a proximal mediation model based on Bandura's triadic reciprocal determinism theory and tested it using…

This study explored the relationships between English as a medium of instruction (EMI) effectiveness factors and students' EMI course satisfaction. In addition, responding to the call for adaptive EMI, it also examined how students and teachers' background characteristics could shape such relationships. Using the convenience sampling method, 821…

Purpose: Intercultural communicative competence (ICC) is important when different cultural speakers learn Mandarin as a Foreign Language (MFL). The use of virtual reality (VR) has been shown to be effective for improving ICC. Hence, this study investigates a production-based instructional strategy where students use VR to view and create VR…

Motivation plays a crucial role in successful language learning, especially among last-mile learners who face distinct barriers due to geographic isolation and limited access to educational resources. This study aims to understand the key factors influencing English language learning motivation among last-mile learners, serving as a foundation for…