Students' understanding of nature of science (NOS) has been largely examined primarily in written or verbal modes. The visual, verbal, and written modes are essential for students' meaning-making of NOS. However, research has sidelined the interaction among these three modes in understanding students' collaborative discourse of NOS. Informed by…

This study explores Multimodal Community Journals (MCJs) as a collaborative visual storytelling, research, and community tool that empowers Black and Latina girls while fostering their engagement with Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM). Analyzing the multimodal texts created by the "Dig-A-Girls" and their…

This essay reevaluates the role of reflection in experiential learning programs, contrasting traditional solitary ref lection methods with contemporary approaches that integrate collaboration and multimodal expression. These new approaches highlight a shift toward more flexible and interactive methods, reflecting the influence of new technologies…