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Investigating Direct and Indirect Relationships between Writing Self-Efficacy, Integrative Processing and Integrated Understanding in a Multiple-Document Context
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Ivar Bråten; Ymkje E. Haverkamp; Natalia Latini; Helge I. Strømsø – Journal of Research in Reading, 2025
Background: A common approach to assessing students' integrated understanding of multiple documents is to analyse their post-reading written reports. This study investigated to what extent writing self-efficacy directly and indirectly (via integrative processing) contributed to multiple-document comprehension as assessed with an integrative…
Descriptors: Writing Instruction, Writing (Composition), Writing Evaluation, Self Efficacy
Fluency Development through Freewriting and Transfer to Other More Structured Tasks
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Raymond Yasuda – Language Teaching Research, 2025
This study investigated the effect of consistent freewriting practice on written fluency development. Thirty-nine first-year university students completed 70 10-minute freewriting activities over the course of an academic semester. Written fluency, measured as words produced per minute (wpm), increased from a mean of 19.5 wpm to 30.1 wpm over a…
Descriptors: Language Fluency, Essays, English (Second Language), Language Tests