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Direct linkThomas Lloyd; Dean Yang – National Bureau of Economic Research, 2025
How does early educational quality affect longer-term academic outcomes? We shed light on this question via a natural experiment in the Philippines--the implementation of a mother tongue education policy in public schools in kindergarten to Grade 3. This policy led to an unexpected decline in educational quality, but differentially in a subset of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Educational Policy, Educational Quality, Native Language
