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Direct linkAkif Avcu – Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology, 2025
This scope-review presents the milestones of how Hierarchical Rater Models (HRMs) become operable to used in automated essay scoring (AES) to improve instructional evaluation. Although essay evaluations--a useful instrument for evaluating higher-order cognitive abilities--have always depended on human raters, concerns regarding rater bias,…
Descriptors: Automation, Scoring, Models, Educational Assessment
