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Channell, Marie Moore; Sandstrom, Linnea E. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2022
This study compared mental state language (talk about emotions, thoughts, intentions, etc.) used by 6- to 11-year-old children with Down syndrome (DS) to a younger typically developing (TD) comparison group matched by nonverbal cognition. We aimed to determine (1) whether mental state language use is delayed in DS relative to developmental…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Cognitive Processes, Children, Down Syndrome
Zigler, Christina K.; Lucas, Nicole; McFatrich, Molly; Gordon, Kelly L.; Jones, Harrison N.; Berent, Allyson; Panagoulias, Jennifer; Evans, Paula; Reeve, Bryce B. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2023
Communication deficits have a substantial impact on quality of life for individuals with Angelman syndrome (AS) and their families, but limited qualitative work exists to support the necessary content of measures aiming to assess communication for these individuals. Following best practices for concept elicitation studies, we conducted individual…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Communication Skills, Caregivers, Children
Albert, Phebe; Romski, MaryAnn; Sevcik, Rose A.; Morris, Robin D. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2021
Young children with developmental disabilities (DD) exhibit a range of strengths and weaknesses in cognitive, language, and adaptive skills. Identifying individual patterns of abilities across these domains is important for informing interventions. This study examines how 129 toddlers with significant developmental delays and less than 10 spoken…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Developmental Disabilities, Developmental Delays, Intervention
Key, Alexandra P.; Venker, Courtney E.; Sandbank, Micheal P. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2020
It can be challenging to accurately assess speech and language processing in preverbal or minimally verbal individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) using standardized behavioral tools. Event-related potential and eye tracking methods offer novel means to objectively document receptive language processing without requiring purposeful…
Descriptors: Speech Impairments, Language Impairments, Language Processing, Neurological Impairments
Schwartzman, Jessica M.; Strong, Kristen; Ardel, Christina M.; Schuck, Rachel K.; Millan, M. Estefania; Phillips, Jennifer M.; Hardan, Antonio Y.; Gengoux, Grace W. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2021
Given the high prevalence of communication deficits in developmental disorders, there is need for efficient early interventions. The aim of this pilot study is to examine benefits of pivotal response treatment (PRT) for improving language in young children with developmental disorders without autism spectrum disorder. Parents of 15 children with…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Early Intervention, Language Skills, Developmental Disabilities
Noémie Lacombe; Thierry Dias; Geneviève Petitpierre – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2024
The gestures produced by children with intellectual disability (ID) in spatial tasks are rarely considered, although they have a supporting role in the formation of thought. In this research study, we analyzed the number of gestures, the type of gestures, and their role in the expression of knowledge of students with ID. Twenty students (12-17…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Students with Disabilities, Intellectual Disability, Adolescents
Thurman, Angela John; Swinehart, Stephanie Summers; Klusek, Jessica; Roberts, Jane E.; Bullard, Lauren; Marzan, Jocelyn Christina B.; Brown, W. Ted; Abbeduto, Leonard – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2022
By adulthood, most males with fragile X syndrome (FXS) require support to navigate day-to-day settings. The present study cross-sectionally: (1) characterized the profile of daily living skills in males with FXS and (2) examined associated participant characteristics (i.e., fragile X mental retardation protein [FMRP] expression, nonverbal…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Daily Living Skills, Males, Adolescents
Conners, Frances A.; Tungate, Andrew S.; Abbeduto, Leonard; Merrill, Edward C.; Faught, Gayle G. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2018
Forty-two adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) ages 10 to 21 years completed a battery of language and phonological memory measures twice, 2 years apart. Individual differences were highly stable across two years. Receptive vocabulary scores improved, there was no change in receptive or expressive grammar scores, and nonword repetition scores…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Down Syndrome, Language Acquisition, Language Skill Attrition
Lisa R. Hamrick; Amanda Seidl; Bridgette L. Kelleher – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2023
Automated methods for processing of daylong audio recordings are efficient and may be an effective way of assessing developmental stage for typically developing children; however, their utility for children with developmental disabilities may be limited by constraints of algorithms and the scope of variables produced. Here, we present a novel…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Developmental Disabilities, Child Development, Verbal Communication
Mazurek, Micah O.; Baker-Ericzén, Mary; Kanne, Stephen M. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2019
Despite the importance of expressive language for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), expressive language assessments are not consistently included in ASD research and many studies do not adequately describe participants' verbal abilities. A valid and efficient measure of expressive language would facilitate consistent reporting…
Descriptors: Autism, Diagnostic Tests, Observation, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Smeyne, Catelyn N.; Esbensen, Anna J.; Schworer, Emily K.; Belizaire, Shequanna; Hoffman, Emily K.; Beebe, Dean W.; Wiley, Susan – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2022
This study evaluates the psychometric properties of a verbal fluency task for potential use as an outcome measure in future clinical trials involving children with Down syndrome. Eighty-five participants attempted a modified version of the Neuropsychological Assessment of Children, Second Edition Word Generation Task at two time points. In the…
Descriptors: Children, Down Syndrome, Verbal Ability, Language Fluency
Anna J. Esbensen; Emily K. Schworer; Nancy R. Lee; Emily K. Hoffman; Kaila Yamamoto; Deborah Fidler – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2024
This study evaluated the appropriateness of scoring the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function--Preschool (BRIEF-P) using age-equivalent scores generated from multiple measures of cognition and language among school-age children with Down syndrome (DS). Subscale T scores for 95 children with DS were contrasted using standard scoring on…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Preschool Tests, Down Syndrome, Behavior
Fielding-Gebhardt, Heather; Bredin-Oja, Shelley L.; Warren, Steven F. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2021
The development of an expressive language score for people with autism based on the ADOS-2 was recently reported by Mazurek et al. (2019). The current study examined the construct validity of the ADOS-2 expressive language score (ELS) in a sample of adolescents with fragile X syndrome (n = 45, 10 girls), a neurodevelopmental disorder with high…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Expressive Language, Genetic Disorders
Lee, Michelle; Bush, Lauren; Martin, Gary E.; Barstein, Jamie; Maltman, Nell; Klusek, Jessica; Losh, Molly – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2017
This longitudinal study examined pragmatic language in boys and girls with Down syndrome (DS) at up to three time points, using parent report, standardized and direct assessments. We also explored relationships among theory of mind, executive function, nonverbal mental age, receptive and expressive vocabulary, grammatical complexity, and pragmatic…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Children, Language Skills, Pragmatics
Olivia Boorom; Heather Fielding-Gebhardt; Shelley Bredin-Oja; Kandace Fleming; Rebecca E. Swinburne Romine; Nancy Brady – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2024
Individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS) and their parents have a range of experiences navigating the crucial transition period between adolescence and adulthood. Semi structured interviews of 47 mothers of adolescents with FXS (mean child age = 15.89 years) were analyzed to identify mothers' changing expectations during the adolescent period and…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Genetic Disorders, Intellectual Disability, Congenital Impairments