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Direct linkYelda Semizer; Ruth Rosenholtz – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2025
The use of video conferencing tools has become increasingly common recently. The visual displays in these tools are highly complex, being composed of multiple faces with varying image quality and lighting conditions. On top of this, users have the ability to choose their own backgrounds. Some choose simple artificial backgrounds, some appear in…
Descriptors: Videoconferencing, Visual Stimuli, Attention Control, Eye Movements
Yip, Sai Ho; Saunders, Jeffrey Allen – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
This study investigated whether increased attention to the central or peripheral visual field can reduce motion sickness in virtual reality (VR). A recent study found that increased attention to the periphery during vection was correlated with lower self-reported motion sickness susceptibility, which suggests that peripheral attention might be…
Descriptors: Visual Acuity, Attention, Computer Simulation, Diseases
Jeff Moher; Anna Delos Reyes; Trafton Drew – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Irrelevant salient distractors can trigger early quitting in visual search, causing observers to miss targets they might otherwise find. Here, we asked whether task-relevant salient cues can produce a similar early quitting effect on the subset of trials where those cues fail to highlight the target. We presented participants with a difficult…
Descriptors: Attention, Cues, Environmental Influences, Visual Perception
Baldassari, Mario J.; Moore, Kara N.; Hyman, Ira E., Jr.; Hope, Lorraine; Mah, Eric Y.; Lindsay, D. Stephen; Mansour, Jamal; Saraiva, Renan; Horry, Ruth; Rath, Hannah; Kelly, Lauren; Jones, Rosie; Vale, Shannan; Lawson, Bethany; Pedretti, Josh; Palma, Tomás A.; Cruz, Francisco; Quarenta, Joana; Van der Cruyssen, Ine; Mileva, Mila; Allen, Jessica; Jeye, Brittany; Wiechert, Sara – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
Research on eyewitness identification often involves exposing participants to a simulated crime and later testing memory using a lineup. We conducted a systematic review showing that pre-event instructions, instructions given before event exposure, are rarely reported and those that are reported vary in the extent to which they warn participants…
Descriptors: Memory, Audiences, Attention, Observation
Connor M. Hults; Yifan Ding; Geneva G. Xie; Rishi Raja; William Johnson; Alexis Lee; Daniel J. Simons – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
People often fail to notice unexpected stimuli when their attention is directed elsewhere. Most studies of this "inattentional blindness" have been conducted using laboratory tasks with little connection to real-world performance. Medical case reports document examples of missed findings in radiographs and CT images, unintentionally…
Descriptors: Medicine, Negligence, Accident Prevention, Health Services
Matthieu Chidharom; Nancy B. Carlisle – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Attention allows us to focus on relevant information while ignoring distractions. Effective suppression of distracting information is crucial for efficient visual search. Recent studies have developed two paradigms to investigate attentional suppression: cued-suppression which is based on top-down control, and learned-suppression which is based on…
Descriptors: Attention, Cues, Visual Aids, Short Term Memory
Fangshu Yao; Bin Zhou – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2025
Humans usually adjust their attentional mode to tackle the challenges posed by environmental inputs. Depending on the uncertainty level, different attentional strategies may be adopted. As people face increasingly complicated daily situations--e.g., driving a car or chatting online--where intervals between significant events do not necessarily…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Eye Movements, Time, Time Perspective
Moore, Kara N.; Lampinen, James Michael; Adams, Eryn J.; Nesmith, Blake L.; Burch, Presley – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
We examined how prior experience encountering targets affected attention allocation and event-based prospective memory. Participants performed four color match task blocks with a difficult, but specified prospective memory task (Experiment 1) or an easier, but unspecified prospective memory task (Experiment 2). Participants were instructed to…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Memory, Prior Learning, Experience
Robson, Samuel G.; Tangen, Jason M. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
People can fail to notice objects and events in their visual environment when their attention is engaged elsewhere. This phenomenon is known as inattentional blindness, and its consequences can be costly for important real-world decisions. However, not noticing certain visual information could also signal expertise in a domain. In this study, we…
Descriptors: Attention, Visual Perception, Expertise, Visual Stimuli
Tal Nahari; Eran Eldar; Yoni Pertzov – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Previous studies have shown that fixations on familiar stimuli tend to be longer than on unfamiliar stimuli, theorized to be a result of retrieval of information from memory. We hypothesize that extended fixations are due to a lesser need to explore an already familiar stimulus. Participant's gaze was tracked as they tried to encode or retrieve a…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Eye Movements, Biofeedback, Memory
Noah Britt; Jackie Chau; Hong-jin Sun – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2025
Human attention can be guided by semantic information conveyed by individual objects in the environment. Over time, we learn to allocate attention resources towards stimuli that are behaviourally relevant to ongoing action, leading to attention capture by meaningful peripheral stimuli. A common example includes, while driving, stimuli that imply a…
Descriptors: Context Effect, Spatial Ability, Universities, College Students
Simon Y. W. Li; Alan L. F. Lee; Jenny W. S. Chiu; Robert G. Loeb; Penelope M. Sanderson – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Auditory stimuli that are relevant to a listener have the potential to capture focal attention even when unattended, the listener's own name being a particularly effective stimulus. We report two experiments to test the attention-capturing potential of the listener's own name in normal speech and time-compressed speech. In Experiment 1, 39…
Descriptors: Attention, Auditory Stimuli, Listening, Speech Communication
Joel M. Cooper; Kaedyn W. Crabtree; Amy S. McDonnell; Dominik May; Sean C. Strayer; Tushig Tsogtbaatar; Danielle R. Cook; Parker A. Alexander; David M. Sanbonmatsu; David L. Strayer – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
Vehicle automation is becoming more prevalent. Understanding how drivers use this technology and its safety implications is crucial. In a 6-8 week naturalistic study, we leveraged a hybrid naturalistic driving research design to evaluate driver behavior with Level 2 vehicle automation, incorporating unique naturalistic and experimental control…
Descriptors: Motor Vehicles, Automation, Information Technology, Behavior
Thornton, Ian M.; Tagu, Jérôme; Zdravkovic, Suncica; Kristjánsson, Árni – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2021
Attention is known to play an important role in shaping the behaviour of both human and animal foragers. Here, in three experiments, we built on previous interactive tasks to create an online foraging game for studying divided attention in human participants exposed to the (simulated) risk of predation. Participants used a "sheep" icon…
Descriptors: Attention, Computer Games, Behavior Patterns
Marcusson-Clavertz, David; Persson, Stefan D.; Cardeña, Etzel; Terhune, Devin B.; Gort, Cassandra; Kuehner, Christine – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
Accumulating evidence suggests that individuals with greater executive resources spend less time mind wandering. Independent strands of research further suggest that this association depends on concentration and a guilty-dysphoric daydreaming style. However, it remains unclear whether this association is specific to particular features of…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Attention Control, Factor Analysis, Cognitive Processes
