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Direct linkJerrick Teoh; Joseph M. Saito; Yvanna Yeo; Sophia Winter; Keisuke Fukuda – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Humans are often tasked to remember new faces so that they can recognize the faces later in time. Previous studies found that memory reports for basic visual features (e.g., colors and shapes) are susceptible to systematic distortions as a result of comparison with new visual input, especially when the input is perceived as similar to the memory.…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Human Body, Short Term Memory, Long Term Memory
Megan H. Papesh; Daniella K. Cash; Juan D. Guevara Pinto; Sofia V. Lomba – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Searching for missing or wanted people is a crucial task in our society. Previous work on prospective person memory (PPM) has demonstrated that performance on this type of search task is worse relative to standard prospective memory tasks. Importantly, this process may be further affected by the race of the missing person, yet this has never been…
Descriptors: Racism, Memory, Race, Recognition (Psychology)
Benjamin M. Rottman; Yiwen Zhang – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2025
Being able to notice that a cause-effect relation is getting stronger or weaker is important for adapting to one's environment and deciding how to use the cause in the future. We conducted an experiment in which participants learned about a cause-effect relation that either got stronger or weaker over time. The experiment was conducted with a…
Descriptors: Causal Models, Memory, Learning Processes, Time
Fabian Hutmacher; Beate Conrad; Markus Appel; Stephan Schwan – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2025
Autobiographical remembering may undergo significant transformations in the digital age, in which the omnipresence of digital tools has led to an increased density of recorded life episodes. To gain deeper insights into these processes, we conducted an experimental think-aloud study in which participants (N = 41) had to remember an important day…
Descriptors: Protocol Analysis, Memory, Information Technology, Autobiographies
Naroa Martínez; Itxaso Barberia; Javier Rodríguez-Ferreiro – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Among cognitive factors that can influence the endorsement of pseudoscientific beliefs, our study focuses on proneness to false memory generation. In this preregistered study, we presented 170 fluent English speakers residing in the USA with a misinformation task aimed at generating false memories. In this task, they first completed an event…
Descriptors: Beliefs, Memory, Misinformation, Correlation
Nicola Vasta; Margherita Andrao; Barbara Treccani; Denis Isaia; Claudio Mulatti – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2025
Advances in technology have enabled museum curators to employ equipment that can measure visitors' physiological responses, offering a means to monitor these responses, while, at the same time, potentially engaging visitors. However, it is unclear whether these devices genuinely promote a positive experience or, conversely, are perceived as…
Descriptors: Memory, Museums, Psychological Patterns, Metabolism
McKinley, Geoffrey L.; Peterson, Daniel J. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
When selecting fillers to include in a police lineup, one must consider the level of similarity between the suspect and potential fillers. In order to reduce misidentifications, an innocent suspect should not stand out. Therefore, it is important that the fillers share some degree of similarity. Importantly, increasing suspect-filler similarity…
Descriptors: Identification, Accuracy, Crime, Recognition (Psychology)
Baldassari, Mario J.; Moore, Kara N.; Hyman, Ira E., Jr.; Hope, Lorraine; Mah, Eric Y.; Lindsay, D. Stephen; Mansour, Jamal; Saraiva, Renan; Horry, Ruth; Rath, Hannah; Kelly, Lauren; Jones, Rosie; Vale, Shannan; Lawson, Bethany; Pedretti, Josh; Palma, Tomás A.; Cruz, Francisco; Quarenta, Joana; Van der Cruyssen, Ine; Mileva, Mila; Allen, Jessica; Jeye, Brittany; Wiechert, Sara – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
Research on eyewitness identification often involves exposing participants to a simulated crime and later testing memory using a lineup. We conducted a systematic review showing that pre-event instructions, instructions given before event exposure, are rarely reported and those that are reported vary in the extent to which they warn participants…
Descriptors: Memory, Audiences, Attention, Observation
Matthieu Chidharom; Nancy B. Carlisle – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Attention allows us to focus on relevant information while ignoring distractions. Effective suppression of distracting information is crucial for efficient visual search. Recent studies have developed two paradigms to investigate attentional suppression: cued-suppression which is based on top-down control, and learned-suppression which is based on…
Descriptors: Attention, Cues, Visual Aids, Short Term Memory
Moore, Kara N.; Lampinen, James Michael; Adams, Eryn J.; Nesmith, Blake L.; Burch, Presley – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
We examined how prior experience encountering targets affected attention allocation and event-based prospective memory. Participants performed four color match task blocks with a difficult, but specified prospective memory task (Experiment 1) or an easier, but unspecified prospective memory task (Experiment 2). Participants were instructed to…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Memory, Prior Learning, Experience
Glavaš, Dragan; Pandžic, Mario; Domijan, Dražen – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
Athletic skills acquired through deliberate practice are essential for expert sports performance. Some authors even suggest that practice circumvents the limits of working memory capacity (WMC) in skill acquisition. However, this circumvention hypothesis has been challenged recently by the evidence that WMC plays an important role in expert…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Team Sports, Decision Making, Athletes
Military Experience Predicts Military Multitasking Better than Laboratory Measures in Officer Cadets
Yannik Hilla; Maximilian Stefani; Elisabeth V. C. Friedrich; Wolfgang Mack – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2025
Whether or not it is possible to predict military performance using laboratory measures constitutes an important question. There are indications that humans possess a common multitasking ability enabling them to perform complex behaviors irrespective of task requirements. Working memory processing abilities likely illustrate cognitive substrates…
Descriptors: Military Personnel, Predictive Measurement, Cognitive Ability, Short Term Memory
Tal Nahari; Eran Eldar; Yoni Pertzov – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Previous studies have shown that fixations on familiar stimuli tend to be longer than on unfamiliar stimuli, theorized to be a result of retrieval of information from memory. We hypothesize that extended fixations are due to a lesser need to explore an already familiar stimulus. Participant's gaze was tracked as they tried to encode or retrieve a…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Eye Movements, Biofeedback, Memory
Davis, Sara D.; Peterson, Daniel J. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
There is an increasing need in eyewitness identification research to identify factors that not only influence identification accuracy but may also impact the confidence--accuracy (CA) relationship. One such variable that has a notable impact on memory for faces is viewing distance, with faces encoded from a shorter distance remembered better than…
Descriptors: Identification, Ambiguity (Context), Accuracy, Geographic Location
Emma Smillie; Natalie Mestry; Dan Clark; Neil Harrison; Nick Donnelly – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Two experiments explored the search for pairs of faces in a disjunctive dual-target face search (DDTFS) task for unfamiliar face targets. The distinctiveness of the target was manipulated such that both faces were typical or distinctive or contained one typical and one distinctive target. Targets were searched for in arrays of eight faces. In…
Descriptors: Human Body, Recognition (Psychology), Role Theory, Individual Characteristics
