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Direct linkCheng, Ching Ho – Curriculum and Teaching, 2021
It is becoming more common for students in Hong Kong to take extra lessons after school. Several surveys indicate that more than 70% of students need to take private tutoring classes after school in their final year of secondary school (Bray, 2013). This indicates that "shadow education" has become a trend in Hong Kong. There are…
Descriptors: Secondary School Students, Parent Attitudes, Expectation, Competition
Solanki, Vibhakumari; Evans, Brian R. – Curriculum and Teaching, 2020
The United States and the United Kingdom have used standardized high-stakes testing as a measurement of students' cognitive level to determine success in the 21st century. Standardized tests have given teachers guidance to help them determine what to teach students and how to teach to the test. With such increased emphasis on high-stakes…
Descriptors: High Stakes Tests, Standardized Tests, Foreign Countries, Academic Achievement
